Samudaya.org » Books & Arts » Democracy in Crisis
All pictures by Kashish
Two powerful literary voices of the left, the Uruguayan author Eduardo Galeano and Indian author Arundhati Roy, were in New York City last May to read excerpts from their books and engage in a conversation. Roy likened Galeano to her twin in some other part of the world, given their similar and compelling discontent with the play of the powerful over the powerless. Asking what was the right thing to do in a democracy, in which an armed dissent is crushed by military power and unarmed dissent simply ridiculed and brushed aside, Roy confessed her depleting faith in democracy itself.

The failings of a democracy is a crisis because there is no other political framework that allows the kind of freedom, security, and fairness it aspires to deliver to ordinary citizens. The crisis is that the pretense of democracy is the next closest thing to the real, and in passing for the real, the imitation whitewashes inequality and injustice as a fair majority-driven outcome. Tyrannical acts are committed under a thicker disguise, and though there is an opportunity to be caught, it relies on incessant and rigorous efforts. There is no one lid that puts a closure on the pretense, there is rather a to and fro of pretending and unmasking, pretending and unmasking. As she rolls her eyes upwards, articulating the crisis she has in her mind, Roy's face will tell you: this to and fro is tiring. In the end, little will have been achieved, the achievement never secure from ramshackling. It takes one leader to take a country back by decades. It takes a mass of active ignorance to allow this to happen. However, winning is not the sole reason a weaker team plays the stronger—losing more skillfully is also progress; as long as the powerful exist, so do the powerless and the possibility of a win if there is a match to play.


There is also the question of whether the success of democracy is measured by its traits or by its ends. If the freedom to own guns were to be a preference of the majority, for example, is the liberalization of gun ownership more democratic, or the protection of the private right of the minority to live in a safer society? New governments, whether democratic or Marxist, hurry to lay down the rules that would give visibility to the traits, but the attention given to the ends fades quickly or fails to ever rise. Can democracy work when the majority votes against democratic rights? Is it working when leaders cunningly divide votes on a single controversial issue of little importance (example, gay marriage)? Is democracy alive when it is confined within national boundaries? Can democracy ever hope to rise when the idea of advancement is expected to be of the same hue the world over, the one preferred by the more powerful of course? How functional is democracy if voting needs to be strategic in order to ensure the less worse of the two wins, hence undermining the winning chances of the underdogs?
Given real democratic opportunities, however, the mass may be relied upon to make choices that are beneficial to the society at large. Given enough income and other opportunities, every person has the capacity to be "decent." This ideal situation presently does not exist, however, and can democracy function in spite of this? With increasing globalization on television and a mass media propaganda of capitalism, the slim hope of a fortune may be a more desirable option than an increased possibility of a modest but decent living—a way for the poor to identify and align with the rich. In America where the poor have the luxury of junk food and television, this seems probable, but in a place like Nepal where the hardships are more apparent and television less accessible, modest living perhaps stands a chance.
Orwell's clothes-hanging, loud-singing ordinary woman is apolitical, unwatched by the government, and uncaring about the political freedom that has not been a part of her private life in the first place. It is only the rise of this listless mass she's part of that can topple Big Brother, but this mass is uninterested. In Nepal this mass has risen, either under the umbrella of Maoism, or as victims of the Maoist struggle. Some of them have risen independently without the guidance of privileged liberals like Prachanda and Baburam Bhattarai. They are the victims of the struggle. It is almost as if in a country where hardships exist at a basic level, and torture or invasion of private rights more brutal, democratic or Marxist pretense is more difficult. The mass that topples the Big Brother here are the victims of the Maoist struggle, and not the Maoists themselves. How does this group make itself aware to the Maoists and the non-Maoists in the government?
In all likelihood, real democracy is fleeting by nature. The perfection of democracy in which the citizens are not required to struggle possibly leads it to its deathbed. It may very well be a beast that feeds on the push and pull. If that be the case Galeano has an advice for democratic survival: always be clever enough to be disobedient.

Let me just say, not that I have had opportunity to sit through Roy’s speech nor go through some of her popular literary works yet; there’s an aura about this lady (the pictures help in that regard) that is pretty difficult to overlook, which gets further substantiated by some pretty persuasive arguments she makes regarding democracy and all that jazz—especially the rights of the disenfranchised (not specifically found here), whether those be in relation to ‘Narmada Bachao Abhiyan’ or George Bush’s earlier visit to India.
So far, of all previous columns and posts recent, I find this the most intriguing. Perhaps there is this intrinsic value attached to the idea of democracy today that, to view it from an angle that is slightly skewed—my perspective that is, is to absorb the idea around ones own definition of democracy—which is to say, individuality almost seems to be an obstacle to ‘true nature’ of democracy at most times than considered otherwise. That’s right; the thought is so counter-intuitive that I feel I have been duped by the big machine all this time.
In my humble opinion, achieving true democracy is almost like finding that perfect equilibrium on all three levels of human existence—social, political and economic that, even from scientific point of view which, generally accepts that things are always in flux, almost seems unattainable to me concerning the idea of democracy also. I mean, it is—democracy such a dynamic process that to keep it functional at ‘optimal’ level is almost calling for a utopian society. Then again, readers need not mind me; I am generally a damn pessimist when it actually comes down to making things work in perfect harmony.
Thus, the elemental fact of the matter remains, whether true or real democracy is in fact attainable in our lifetime, or anybody else’s, and to read a review that actually poses some fundamentally head-scratching questions itself rather than attempt to answer the paradox in her own terms—our own Nepali Arundhati leaves us in perpetual mystery regarding ideal of grand nature.
In the Nepalese context, politicians, who never had a popular base worth the name, appear to have deluded themselves into believing they are national heroes and defenders of democracy. Mistaking the Maoist sponsored crowds on Kathmandu’s streets in the April ra- ra revolution as sign of genuine mass support, the politicians seem to believe that the Maoists can be outwitted. That explains the current spell of competitive radicalism. The Maoists, meanwhile, are grinning from ear to ear.
Meanwhile, Stratfor is of the opinion that Nepal is likely headed toward even more difficult times with the probable change of its entire political system, from multi party democracy to communism. If current trends are unchanged, the chaos could ultimately lead to the government’s collapse and the potential victory for the Maoist insurgents.
This would indeed give a dramatic advantage to China’s geopolitical position on the continent while causing major problems for India by way of tipping the balance in China’S favor.
This would allow for establishment of Chinese surveillance and listening posts in Nepal . Of course, India would be forced to counter Nepal’s apparent slide toward China.
So Aitaraj, you think there will be an October revolution like Dear Leader Prachanda “threatened” (if that’s a good word)?
o! chap in first row,
is that your own comment!
I mean, it is—democracy such a dynamic process that to keep it functional at ‘optimal’ level is almost calling for a utopian society
I think the large number of people(i am not saying you do) misunderstand democracy because they forget that it is separate from truth, good, or veracity. Democracy has killed millions, left out a single person’s desire, and has been severely racist. Yes, I am talking about America. And it all happened when democracy in america was functioning at an optimal level. Because democracy only works at an optimal level. It can be argued that even the act of low turnout in elections is an act of democracy.
democracy has no fixed laws, only laws that have many flaws which can be argued for ages. and the statement that defines democracy is woven with human nature. The definition of democracy is: truth will only emerge after people argue, fight or destroy. and inside this definition of democracy there is no place for a utopian society. That is the second why democracy is not for every country, The first one being, if people are not able to practice democracy at an optimal level it will not work.
you can download Arundhati’s interviews at speeches at http://www.cryaboutit.com/deaddog/GreatThinkers/arundhati_roy.htm enjoy!
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the barbarian says: he says he felt exceptional meeting george bush....what a pity..Bush has more than 75 % negative...
kagazkofool says: arrrgh...you make it sound like a bollywood soap...may b you got the triangle eyes to see thru the...
Harkey says: Kagazkofool: No Relief? Really? Considering who the other 2 people that could have been elected that...
Nick says: Great article Kashish! I'm so jealous that you were there. What an exciting time to live in the country. I...
kagazkofool says: huh...neither relief nor any awe...it was always to be from the begining...stake ahead is...
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The wounded US beast identifies itself - in an awful, chauvinistic, xenophobic and racist way - as the cradle of civilization and democracy. The US proclaims its symbols and its cities to be untouchable, almost sacred. In order to assert their rule once again, they are cynically using the grief and anger of the American people for their victims in order to unleash, through the bombing of Afghanistan and their global war against so-called ‘terrorism’, a war and a crusade against all the oppressed peoples, all those who are fighting for liberation, and all the nations not aligned with them.
By means of their weaponry and violence they aim to impose their iron rule in the service of profit and the masters of finance and industry, the oil barons and warlords. All the imperialist states, whether guided by rightist or “leftist” governments, have joined this imperialist, war-mongering, fascist crusade.
The US has always waged low intensity warfare, and now they want to do this in an unprecedented way and to have it recognized as the legitimate self-defense of ‘Western civilization’.
The men who bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki, who waged war on Vietnam, Iraq and Yugoslavia, killing millions of people, those who
slaughtered 500,000 communists in Indonesia, who plotted coups like that in Chile, who created death squads in Guatemala and other countries, who have placed CIA-marked bombs in the cities of their own allies to shore up pro-US governments, those who have backed, armed and financed the daily massacre of Palestinians by the Israeli Zionists, now more than ever want to continue doing so. In the name of the struggle against ‘terrorism’ they want to impose IMPERALIST TERROR.